Somatic Embryogenesis Induction and Genetic Stability Assessment of Plants Regenerated from Immature Seeds of Akebia trifoliate (Thunb.) Koidz

Akebia trifoliata is a perennial woody plant with considerable potential in nutrition, food, and health, the production of seedlings high quality critical for its economic utilization. Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis powerful alternative propagating many species. In this study, simple practicable protocol was developed from immature seeds A. via embryogenesis, genetic stability regenerated plants also assessed. embryo (SE) induction stage, highest frequency (35.2%) observed on WPM medium containing 1.0 mg L?1 thidiazuron (TDZ) 6-benzyladenine (6-BA). The concentration 6-BA optimized at proliferation maturation induced SEs, combination 2.0 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 0.5 TDZ most responsive root development growth. leaf morphological characteristics greatly varied among established plants, they could be grouped into three types, namely normal type, Type ?, ??. Remarkable differences number, size, shape, color leaflets were while their ploidy level same flow cytometry analysis. ?? ? had lowest net photosynthesis rate, transpiration stomatal conductance groups, respectively, both smaller size guard cells than type. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis detected that 41 bands (43.62%) different those wild, indicating degree polymorphism between regenerants donor parent. obtained might hold future improvement breeding trifoliata, serve as foundation vitro propagation germplasm preservation crop.